Blood typing for dummies

If you were given blood that didnt match your blood group your immune system may attack the red blood cells which could lead to potentially life-threatening complications. A antibodies attach to A antigens - they match like a lock and key - and thus form a clump of red blood cells.

There are four major blood groups determined by the presence or absence of two antigens A and B on the surface of red blood cells.

Blood typing for dummies. There are four major blood groups determined by the presence or absence of two antigens A and B on the surface of red blood cells. In addition to the A and B antigens there is a protein called the Rh factor which can be either present or absent creating the 8 most common blood types A A- B B- O O- AB AB-. A patient with blood type AB is known as the universal recipient.

This patient can theoretically receive any type of blood because the patients own bloodhaving both A and B antigens on the erythrocyte surfacedoes not produce anti-A or anti-B antibodies. In addition an Rh patient can receive both Rh and Rh blood. However keep in mind that the donors blood will contain circulating antibodies again with possible negative implications.

The ABO Blood Types Each person receives an A a B or an O gene from each parent. The A and B genes are co-dominant and the O gene is recessive. A person whose genetic type is either AA or AO will have blood type A those with genetic type BB or BO will have blood type B and only those with genetic type OO will have blood type O.

The blood will agglutinate if the antigens in the patients blood match the antibodies in the test tube. A antibodies attach to A antigens - they match like a lock and key - and thus form a clump of red blood cells. In the same way B antibodies attach to B antigens and Rh antibodies to Rh antigens.

The ABO blood system has four main types. This blood type has a marker known as A. This blood type has a marker known as B.

This blood type has both A and B markers. This blood type has neither A or B markers. Blood typing is a test that determines a persons blood type.

The test is essential if you need a blood transfusion or are planning to donate blood. Not all blood types are compatible so its. Once the type A antigens are kept at bay your blood cells show type B as the dominant type.

You can receive type B or type O blood and you can donate to those with type B or type AB blood. If you are blood type AB your cells do not make antibodies against type A or type B surface antigens. Blood typing helps your doctor determine what type of donor blood is compatible with your own.

Some blood types contain antibodies that trigger immune reactions against other blood types. There are 4 main blood groups types of blood A B AB and O. Your blood group is determined by the genes you inherit from your parents.

Each group can be either RhD positive or RhD negative which means in total there are 8 blood groups. Blood typing This is done before donating blood or having a blood transfusion to check what your blood group is. If you were given blood that didnt match your blood group your immune system may attack the red blood cells which could lead to potentially life-threatening complications.

Since a patient can develop antibody after a transfusion it is very important to submit a blood sample to the Tissue Typing Laboratory no later than 7-14 days after each transfusion. At any time a patients may request a kit tube and packaging material from the lab for a posttransfusion sample. Blood Typing A persons blood type can be classified into different types according to the presence or absence of certain antigens.

In this lab you will investigate two of the most commonly used blood classification systemsthe ABO blood group and the Rh factor. You will perform blood type tests in order to answer or resolve problems. Red blood cells RBCs have markers proteins or antigens on the surface of the cells.

The blood group is determined by which proteins or antigens are present or absent on the red cell surface. Two major antigens or surface identifiers on human RBCs are the A and B antigens. This is one of the most common blood types 374.

Someone with this can give blood to anyone with a positive blood type. Someone with this rare blood type 66 can give. Like the ABO system the positive or negative component of your blood type refers to molecules being present or absent on the surface of your red blood cells.

The full Rh blood group system includes around 50 different red blood cell antigens but the most important one is a protein called RhD. Joe B provides a way to help you remember blood types. It is very easy to get confused between the blood types and what a recipient is allowed to receive.

Even if your professor did not go over this thoroughly with you it is really great information to know. Explaining what Antigen Antibody and agglutination mean as they relate to blood typing. The basics of how a blood typing card works is also explained.

Type 2 respiratory failure Type 2 respiratory failure involves hypoxaemia PaO 2 is 60 kPa. It occurs as a result of alveolar hypoventilation which prevents the patient from being able to adequately oxygenate and eliminate CO 2 from their blood. Hypoventilation can occur for a number of reasons including.